Life as a Blacksmith Reading Passage and Critical Thinking Multiple Choice Questions (Interactive with Immediate Feedback and Score Report). ![]() Life as a Blacksmith Reading Passage and Critical Thinking Multiple Choice Questions (Printable).13 Colonies Artisans and Trade Interactive Scavenger Hunt.13 Colonies Artisans and Trades Printable Scavenger Hunt.13 Colonies Artisans and Trades Articles and Activities The word cooper comes from the Middle English word “couper,” which means tub or container. This was done so people could see what was in the barrel. Finally, the cooper would cut a hole in the top and side and then fit the holes with plugs. Grooves were cut into lips that were formed to make sure the barrelheads fit tightly. They were then banded with hickory hoops. The staves were then heated to make them pliant (flexible) and pulled together with a special tool called a windlass. The tight cooper would then fashion the wooden parts with axes and knives before gathering them in a circular formation and securing them with iron rings. ![]() Clear white oak staves (wooden planks for barrels) were split from the centers of mature trees. It was very difficult to construct the perfect cask, with a bulging round center and with sides that taper inward toward both ends. Making the Perfect Barrel The construction of a barrel (more accurately called a cask) took skill, experience, and significant manual labor. Other coopers began specializing in making specific types of containers that they could mass produce quickly. ![]() Although coopers are traditionally known for creating barrels (casks), it was actually the “tight cooper” who made them. Because the demand for containers was high, colonial coopers made millions of such containers every year. One kind of container, the hogshead, was used to ship huge quantities of tobacco from the colonies to England. Listen Coopers Made Barrels and Other Types of ContainersĬoopers were tradesman who made casks, buckets, barrels, and containers for flour, gunpowder, tobacco, shipping, wine, milk, and other liquids.
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